一种基于三角面元的目标RCS实用计算方法

提出一种计算复杂目标高频区RCS的实用方法。首先采用3DStudioMax对装甲车进行三角面元模拟,然后运用路德维格积分[1]和物理绕射理论(PTD)计算目标的雷达散射截面积,通过对方柱RCS的计算,验证了所提方法的有效性,最后给出了C波段和X波段不同极化的装甲车和坦克RCS的方位分布图。     

弯曲载荷作用下复合材料T型接头的失效分析

运用蔡-吴逐步失效判据和黏聚接触模型建立弯曲加载下的T型接头的有限元模型。对复合材料T型接头在弯曲加载下的损伤机理和承载能力进行数值模拟。结合静态弯曲加载实验,揭示T型接头在弯曲破坏过程中的四种失效模式。T型接头的弯曲失效载荷的有限元模型计算结果与实测值吻合较好。     

复合材料层合结构层向理论及应用进展

层向理论是由Reddy提出来的一种用于精确分析复合材料层合结构的三维板壳分析理论。由于不引入任何的变形和应力假设条件,因此相较于传统的等效单层板理论,层向理论在分析大厚度复合材料层合板壳结构的静动态响应及其局部层间效应时具有较大的优势。系统地综述了层向理论近年来的研究进展、数值解法及其应用情况。具体包括:层向理论的基本原理及发展现状、基于层向理论的有限元方法及改进模型、层向理论在复合材料层合结构静动态响应及含损伤问题领域的应用等。并对该理论可进一步拓展的研究方向进行了展望。     

Experimental and numerical investigations of interface properties of Ti6Al4V/CP-Ti/Copper composite plate prepared by explosive welding

Explosive welding technique is widely used in many industries. This technique is useful to weld different kinds of metal alloys that are not easily welded by any other welding methods. Interlayer plays an important role to improve the welding quality and control energy loss during the collision process. In this paper, the Ti6Al4V plate was welded with a copper plate in the presence of a commercially pure titanium interlayer. Microstructure details of welded composite plate were observed through optical and scanning electron microscope. Interlayer-base plate interface morphology showed a wavy structure with solid melted regions inside the vortices. Moreover, the energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis in the interlayer-base interface reveals that there are some identified regions of different kinds of chemical equilibrium phases of Cu–Ti, i.e. CuTi, Cu₂Ti, CuTi₂, Cu₄Ti, etc. To study the mechanical properties of composite plates, mechanical tests were conducted, including the tensile test, bending test, shear test and Vickers hardness test. Numerical simulation of explosive welding process was performed with coupled Smooth Particle Hydrodynamic method, Euler and Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian method. The multi-physics process of explosive welding, including detonation, jetting and interface morphology, was observed with simulation. Moreover, simulated plastic strain, temperature and pressure profiles were analysed to understand the welding conditions. Simulated results show that the interlayer base plate interface was created due to the high plastic deformation and localized melting of the parent plates. At the collision point, both alloys behave like fluids, resulting in the formation of a wavy morphology with vortices, which is in good agreement with the experimental results.     

Influence of active constrained layer damping on the coupled vibration response of functionally graded magneto-electro-elastic plates with skewed edges

This article makes the first attempt in assessing the influence of active constrained layer damping (ACLD) treatment towards precise control of frequency responses of functionally graded skew-magneto-electro-elastic (FGSMEE) plates by employing finite element methods. The materials are functionally graded across the thickness of the plate in terms of modest power-law distributions. The principal equations of motion of FGSMEE are derived via Hamilton’s principle and solved using condensation technique. The effect of ACLD patches are modelled by following the complex modulus approach (CMA). Additionally, distinctive emphasis is laid to evaluate the influence of geometrical skewness on the attenuation capabilities of the plate. The accuracy of the current analysis is corroborated with comparison of previous researches of similar kind. Additionally, a complete parametric study is directed to understand the combined impacts of various factors like coupling fields, patch location, fiber orientation of piezoelectric patch in association with skew angle and power-law index.     

面内阶跃载荷下薄板弹性动力屈曲差分解

根据薄板微元的动力平衡分析导出薄板动力屈曲控制方程,由屈曲瞬间能量转换率守恒条件得出一个压缩波前屈曲变形的附加约束方程,由此得到求解薄板动力屈曲问题的完备定解条件.以受载边夹支的薄板为倒,利用有限差分法得出了薄板前三阶动力屈曲模态和相应的两个特征参数值,并对比分析了薄板静、动力屈曲的差别.分析表明,薄板动力屈曲过程中产生屈曲动能,比静力屈曲要吸收更多的外部能量.     

On vibration analysis of functionally graded carbon nanotube reinforced magneto-electro-elastic plates with different electro-magnetic conditions using higher order finite element methods

This article deals with evaluating the frequency response of functionally graded carbon nanotube rein-forced magneto-electro-elastic (FG-CNTMEE) plates subjected to open and closed electro-magnetic cir-cuit conditions. In this regard finite element formulation has been derived. The plate kinematics adjudged via higher order shear deformation theory (HSDT) is considered for evaluation. The equations of motion are obtained with the help of Hamilton's principle and solved using condensation technique. It is found that the convergence and accuracy of the present FE formulation is very good to address the vibration problem of FG-CNTMEE plate. For the first time, frequency response analysis of FG-CNTMEE plates considering the effect of various circuit conditions associated with parameters such as CNT dis-tributions, volume fraction, skew angle, aspect ratio, length-to-thickness ratio and coupling fields has been carried out. The results of this article can serve as benchmark for future development and analysis of smart structures.     

Influence of porosity distribution on nonlinear free vibration and transient responses of porous functionally graded skew plates

This article deals with the investigation of the effects of porosity distributions on nonlinear free vibration and transient analysis of porous functionally graded skew (PFGS) plates. The effective material properties of the PFGS plates are obtained from the modified power-law equations in which gradation varies through the thickness of the PFGS plate. A nonlinear finite element (FE) formulation for the overall PFGS plate is derived by adopting first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT) in conjunction with von Karman’s nonlinear strain displacement relations. The governing equations of the PFGS plate are derived using the principle of virtual work. The direct iterative method and Newmark’s integration technique are espoused to solve nonlinear mathematical relations. The influences of the porosity distributions and porosity parameter indices on the nonlinear frequency responses of the PFGS plate for different skew angles are studied in various parameters. The effects of volume fraction grading index and skew angle on the plate’s nonlinear dynamic responses for various porosity distributions are illustrated in detail.     

不同初速弹丸对靶板的损伤仿真与评估

为了研究弹丸对武器装备的损伤,建立弹丸侵彻多层靶板的有限元模型,对不同初速弹丸侵彻多层靶板进行仿真试验,引入等效应变及等效应力参量以精确描述靶板损伤,提出一种基于多元统计分析对靶板损伤进行评估的方法。结果表明：利用该方法所得到的计算结果与理论分析结果完全一致。这说明基于多元统计分析的靶板损伤评估方法能够正确地评价仿真实验中目标靶板的战损程度,因而可以进一步应用于装备侵彻损伤评估与易损性研究中。     

正交异性矩形板结构弯曲问题的解析解法

板结构为由若干板组成的结构。用解析法求解正交异性板结构的弯曲问题,必须建立一个正交异性矩形板弯曲的横向位移函数为变量的偏微分方程的一般解。这种解能求解任意边界和任意载荷的弯曲问题。对于结构中的每块板,有些边为单独的,可由边界条件来计算,而有些边与其它板边相连接,由连续性条件来计算。由这些条件组成的方程式可以求解一般解中的全部积分常数。以顶边简支底边固定承受静水压力的板结构水池为例,进行了分析计算。     

不同密度弹丸对靶板的损伤仿真与评估研究

为研究不同密度弹丸对武器装备的损伤，建立弹丸侵彻多层靶板的有限元模型，对不同密度弹丸侵彻多层靶板进行仿真试验。不同于传统的宏观破口尺寸损伤表征参数，引入等效应变及等效应力幅值来精确描述靶板损伤，并提出了一种基于多元统计分析对靶板损伤进行评估的方法。计算结果表明：利用该方法所得到的评估结果与理论分析结果完全一致。这说明基于多元统计分析的靶板损伤评估方法是切实可行的，可以进一步应用于装备损伤评估与易损性研究中。     

复杂平面区域的三角网格生成算法

为生成复杂平面区域的有限元网格,提出了基于网格细化的三角网格生成算法.该算法首先采用耳尖移除法对区域边界做三角划分,得到粗略的初始网格.提出Delaunay优化平分方法,根据网格密度细化初始网格,该网格细化方法结合最长边平分技术与Delaunay边交换技术,可有效提高内点生成与单元细分的质量.实验表明,基于Delaunay 优化平分的三角网格生成算法可对任意平面域进行网格剖分,生成符合有限元计算要求的高质量三角网格.     

爆炸冲击波对靶板的损伤仿真与评估研究

为了研究爆炸冲击波对武器装备的损伤，建立了炸药爆炸冲击靶板的有限元模型，对不同厚度靶板在确定爆炸冲击环境下的损伤进行了仿真试验。不同于传统的宏观破口尺寸损伤表征参数，引入了等效塑性应变来精确描述靶板损伤，并提出了一种基于主成分分析理论对靶板损伤进行评估的方法。结果表明：利用该方法所得到的计算结果与理论分析结果完全一致。这说明基于多元统计分析的靶板损伤评估方法是切实可行的，可以进一步应用于装备爆炸损伤评估与易损性研究中。     

Modified couple stress and thickness-stretching included formulation of a sandwich micro shell subjected to electro-magnetic load resting on elastic foundation

This paper studies electromagnetoelastic static investigation of a sandwich doubly curved microshell subjected to multi-field loading based on a new thickness stretching included refined higher order shear/normal deformable model. Modified-couple-stress-theory (MCST) is used for accounting small-scale-dependency. The numerical results are derived using an analytical method. The effect of small scale parameter in micro scale, initial electric and magnetic potentials and foundation parameters is studied on the electromagnetoelastic bending results. It is confirmed an enhancing in stiffness of small scale shell with an increase in micro length scale parameter.     

Optimization of buckling load for laminated composite plates using adaptive Kriging-improved PSO: A novel hybrid intelligent method

An effective hybrid optimization method is proposed by integrating an adaptive Kriging (A-Kriging) into an improved partial swarm optimization algorithm (IPSO) to give a so-called A-Kriging-IPSO for maxi-mizing the buckling load of laminated composite plates (LCPs) under uniaxial and biaxial compressions. In this method, a novel iterative adaptive Kriging model, which is structured using two training sample sets as active and adaptive points, is utilized to directly predict the buckling load of the LCPs and to improve the efficiency of the optimization process. The active points are selected from the initial data set while the adaptive points are generated using the radial random-based convex samples. The cell-based smoothed discrete shear gap method (CS-DSG3) is employed to analyze the buckling behavior of the LCPs to provide the response of adaptive and input data sets. The buckling load of the LCPs is maximized by utilizing the IPSO algorithm. To demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed methodology, the LCPs with different layers (2, 3, 4, and 10 layers), boundary conditions, aspect ratios and load patterns (biaxial and uniaxial loads) are investigated. The results obtained by proposed method are in good agreement with the literature results, but with less computational burden. By applying adaptive radial Kriging model, the accurate optimal results-based predictions of the buckling load are obtained for the studied LCPs.     

任意载荷作用下各向异性矩形薄板的弯曲解

常用的复合材料板多为各向异性板。为求解这种板的弯曲问题 ,利用复数形式的三角级数解和双正弦级数解来建立各异向性矩形薄板弯曲问题微分方程的一般解 ,可以求解任意载荷作用下各种边界的弯曲问题。以四边固支的正方形板为例进行了数值计算 ,其结果与文献比较是一致的。这种一般解析解法理论简单全面 ,便于实际应用     

An application of servomechanisms to inventory

In recent years, some attention has been devoted to the application of techniques of control theory to inventory management. In particular, H. Vassian (1955) developed a model for a periodic review inventory system utilizing techniques of discrete variable servomechanisms to analyze the system in a cost-free structure. The resulting model is inherently deterministic, however, and emphasizes the control of inventory fluctuation about a safety level by selecting an appropriate order policy. Such an order policy is defined only up to an arbitrary method of forecasting customer demands. The present paper is a continuation of the model developed by Vassian in which exponential smoothing is used as a specific forecasting technique. Full recognition of the probabilistic nature of demand is taken into account and the requirement of minimizing expected inventory level is imposed. In addition, explicit formulas for the variance in inventory are derived as functions of the smoothing constant and the tradeoff between small variance and rapid system response is noted. Finally, in an attempt to remove the bias inherent in exponential smoothing, a modification of that technique is defined and discussed as an alternate forecasting method.     

用配点法求解四边搁支板的弯曲问题

根据弹性薄板微分方程的一般解和边界条件的配点法来求四边搁支板的弯曲问题,并以对称荷载作用下的正方形板为例进行了分析计算。     

65纳米工艺双层三维静态存储器的软错误分析与评估

首先搭建了3D SRAM软错误分析平台,可以快速、自动分析多层die堆叠结构3D SRAM的软错误特性。此平台集成了多种层次模拟软件Geant4、TCAD、Nanosim,数据记录处理软件ROOT,版图处理软件Calibre,以及用于任务链接和结果分析的Perl和shell脚本。利用该平台,对以字线划分设计的3D SRAM和同等规模的2D SRAM分别进行软错误分析,并对分析结果进行了对比。对比分析表明2D 和3D SRAM的翻转截面几乎相同,但3D SRAM单个字中发生的软错误要比2D SRAM更严重,导致难以使用ECC技术对其进行加固。静态模式下2D SRAM和3D SRAM敏感节点均分布于存储阵列中,表明静态模式下逻辑电路不会引发软错误。     

康特洛维奇的数值方法在矩形薄板横向弯曲振动中的应用

本文提出的解决矩形薄板弯曲振动问题的康特洛维奇的数值方法,大大减少了所需要的计算机内存。通过算例表明它具有比较高的计算精度和计算速度,是一种有前途的计算方法。