基于联邦卡尔曼滤波的组合导航定位算法

在传统的GPS/INS紧耦合组合导航系统中,由于伪距和多普勒频移误差的存在,系统存在一定的误差偏移。针对这种误差偏移,设计了一种联邦卡尔曼滤波组合导航算法,该算法采用二级卡尔曼滤波器,将卫星接收模块解算出的伪距信息和多普勒频移信息在第一级卡尔曼滤波后,与INS模块结算出的信息进行修正处理,再通过主滤波器得到紧耦合算法的INS解算结果校正量和定位位置最优估计。通过计算机仿真结果分析表明,该方法相对于传统的紧耦合组合导航算法可以有效减小误差,具有一定的理论价值和实用价值。     

GPS/INS组合导航技术研究

随着GPS和INS技术的发展,组合导航系也逐渐成熟。采用卡尔曼滤波对GPS/INS组合导航系统进行仿真,并将仿真结果和INS仿真结果相比较得出,GPS/INS组合导航系统经过滤波的误差估计精度得到了显著提高,并比INS单一导航有明显优势。     

无缝GPS／INS组合导航系统的设计与实现

针对GPS卫星信号失锁条件下GPS/INS组合导航性能大幅度下降的缺点,设计了一种基于ANFIS的无缝组合导航方法,当卫星数目不低于4颗时采用伪距,伪距率的卡尔曼滤波算法,一旦卫星数目少于4颗时采用ANFIS系统估计导航误差,抑制INS的误差积累,从而实现无缝导航.动态车载实验表明,该方法切实可行,相对于传统的紧组合方法,有效地提高了组合导航系统的定位精度和抗干扰能力.     

GPS姿态测量系统对惯性导航系统误差修正能力分析

针对惯性导航系统(INS)存在积累误差的缺陷,运用GPS姿态测量辅助修正方法对INS误差进行补偿来进一步提高INS的定位精度.通过对INS系统可观测性进行分析,得出增加不同种类的外部导航信息观测量将有效提高INS误差修正能力的结论.研究了船用INS与GPS姿态测量系统组合的组合导航系统,并对GPS姿态测量系统信息对惯性导航系统的误差修正能力进行了仿真.仿真结果证实上述方法可有效提高INS的定位精度.     

INS/GPS/CNS组合导航系统仿真

在分析INS、GPS、CNS导航系统特点的基础上,建立了组合导航系统的误差模型,提出了一种基于联邦滤波器的INS/GPS/CNS的组合导航算法,采用平台失准角、INS与GPS的位置之差和速度之差作为观测量,对算法进行了仿真研究。仿真结果表明:通过校正惯导平台、消除导航参数误差,可以大大提高系统的导航精度。     

GPS/INS全组合制导火箭弹姿态仿真研究

建立了状态变量为15维的组合系统动态方程,对运用GPS姿态测量系统的GPS/INS组合导航系统进行了分析,得出了增加不同种类的外部导航信息观测量将有效提高惯导系统误差修正能力的结论.应用卡尔曼滤波方法对GPS姿态测量系统信息对惯性导航系统的误差修正能力进行了仿真.仿真结果表明,GPS姿态信息的引入可以大大提高制导火箭弹的航向测量精度,能较好地改善INS的导航性能.     

基于SLAM算法的AUV组合导航系统

针对未知环境下某水下航行器组合导航系统在GPS信号长时间失效时,导航误差随时间积累的问题,采用了同时制图定位(SLAM)的导航方法,提出了一种将SLAM的信息融合于INS/GPS组合导航系统的方案,通过SLAM技术来限制惯导系统的误差积累,可以显著提高组合导航系统的性能并能在线建立环境的增量式地图。仿真结果表明,该方法充分利用了同时制图定位提供的信息,有效地提高了导航系统的精度。     

游移方位INS/GPS组合导航在极地地区的应用

针对极地地区复杂的导航环境,研究了一种游移方位INS/GPS组合导航系统,在详细推导游移方位惯性导航系统载体姿态误差的基础上,以位置、速度和姿态信息作为观测量,运用卡尔曼滤波算法进行仿真.结果表明,该组合导航系统满足极地地区的导航需求,引入姿态信息作为观测量,可有效增加对惯性导航的修正能力,提高系统的导航参数估计精度和速度.     

联邦滤波器在INS/GPS/DVS组合导航系统中的新应用

针对某机载导航系统不能满足高精度导航定位需要的问题,采用了动态信息分配系数方法,提出了一种新的基于联邦滤波器的INS/GPS/DVS组合导航方案,通过对各子滤波器的信息分配系数进行优化,增强了组合系统的导航性能.仿真结果表明,该方案充分提取了导航传感器的信息,有效地提高了组合导航系统的精度和故障检测能力.     

基于卡尔曼滤波的计算机视觉和SINS组合导航

计算机视觉及其应用是目前研究的一个热点.在介绍计算机视觉和计算机视觉导航的基础上,提出了利用计算机视觉和SINS进行组合导航的方法.由于地球上的基准位置是三维点,而计算机视觉形成的是二维的图像,因此随后详细介绍了成像以及坐标转换的方法,并对提出的组合导航方法进行详细的分析,建立了组合导航的误差方程,然后利用卡尔曼滤波算法对误差进行估算.最后的试验仿真结果说明,提出的组合导航方法提高了导航精度,具有一定应用价值.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.     

Country survey XVI the defence sector in the economy of a declining superpower: Soviet Union and Russia, 1965-2001

The Soviet Union was able to develop a large military-industrial complex and become the world's second superpower despite deficiencies in its centrally planned economy because defence was given high priority status and special planning, rationing and administrative mechanisms were used to attain national security objectives. However, in the period 1976-85 the effectiveness of priority protection diminished and defence institutions experienced more of the problems typical of the shortage economic system. The heavy defence burden also created growing difficulties for the civilian economy. The attempts by the Gorbachev government to reform the defence sector and improve defence-economic relationships during perestroika (1985-91) uniformly failed. For most of the transition period, the Russian military-industrial complex has been adversely affected by its low priority status, cuts in defence spending, instability of the hybrid politico-economic system, and negative growth of the economy. The armed forces and defence industry have been reduced in size and their outputs of military services and equipment have fallen to low levels. Nevertheless, the Russian armed forces still have over one million troops, significant stocks of sophisticated conventional weapons, and a large nuclear arsenal. The government of President Putin has raised the priority of the defence sector, increased real defence spending, and adopted ambitious plans to revive Russian military power. It is likely, though, that tight resource constraints will hamper efforts to reform the armed forces and to upgrade weapons. By 2010 Russia will be an important, but not dominant, military power in Eurasia.     

Traffickers,terrorists, and a ‘new security challenge’: Russian counternarcotics strategy and the Federal Service for the Control of the Drugs Trade

The collapse of the Soviet Union precipitated the massive expansion of drug use and trade in Russia. The country now has one of the largest populations of injecting drug users in the world and has become the largest single-country market for Afghan heroin. In 2003 the Federal Service for the Control of the Drugs Trade was created to coordinate a comprehensive counternarcotics strategy appropriate to the scale of this threat. The service continues to face a number of challenges in its early stages of development. However, it has made considerable advances in improving responses to large-scale organised crime and in building international cooperation.