基于双相机的目标距离测量技术

对双目视觉测量方法进行了研究和分析,采用张正友平面法对相机进行内外参数标定,根据标定所得参数对立体图像对进行校正和匹配,测距实验结果表明,在目标距离为112 m的静态条件下,该方法测量误差在5%以内,能满足一定场合的非接触测量需求。最后对影响双目测量精度的主要因素进行了分析,指出了进一步优化和提高双目系统测距精度的方向。     

基于双目视觉的自动跟踪系统应用

在研究双目视觉系统发展现状的基础上,提出将计算机双目视觉技术应用于物体目标的自动跟踪。计算机立体视觉是机器人研究的重要内容,被人们广泛研究。随着研究的不断深入,计算机双目视觉技术在生物医学、制造工业和信息工业等领域逐渐显示出很好的应用前景。主要研究从两幅二维图像获得物体运动轨迹。     

基于混合编码曝光的匀加速运动模糊图像复原方法

针对运动模糊图像复原问题中点扩展函数难以准确获得和图像反卷积的病态性,提出了一种基于混合编码曝光相机的运动模糊复原框架.混合编码曝光相机由一个高速双目立体相机和一个高分辨率编码曝光相机构成.编码曝光相机在其曝光过程中由一个二进制编码控制其快门的开关状态.双目立体摄像机作为一个运动传感器在编码相机曝光的开始、中间和结束时...     

基于力和视觉的机械手未知平面内曲线跟踪

针对工业机械手对未知平面内轨迹的跟踪和恒定接触力控制,给出了一种视觉和力觉混合的伺服控制策略。采用基于双目立体视觉eye-to-hand配置下的图像视觉伺服方法,构建PID控制器,实现对机械手在平行于平面方向上的运动控制。采用力传感器感知末端执行器与环境之间的接触力,采用PI控制器,实现了对末端执行器在垂直方向上的运动控制。在MATLAB环境中,利用机器人工具箱进行仿真实验,实现了对圆形曲线的跟踪控制,实验结果验证了方法的有效性。     

面向双观测站定位系统的CCD标定技术

标定是立体视觉测量应用中的关键环节,采用有效的标定方法将获得更加精确的立体视觉测量结果。以双观测站定位系统为研究对象,结合摄像机针孔成像原理,在Zhang平面模板标定基础上进一步改进,实现了单摄像机、双目CCD以及双观测站系统之间的标定。详细阐述了系统坐标转换原理、分布式的参数优化方法以及标定实现过程。试验表明,该标定过程能够精确、有效地获得摄像机参数以及观测站位置关系,为进一步精确定位解算提供了有效的数据支持。     

机载平台野外立体场景弱小变化目标检测

提出了一种针对机载序列图像的野外立体场景弱小变化目标检测新方法。为了补偿平台运动,提出了一种级联图像配准模式,即首先通过生物视觉方法对待检图像进行快速粗配准,然后通过不变系数最小二乘匹配进行精配准;为了补偿图像间的灰度变化,提出了直方图一致性变换方法,该方法不仅可以处理线性灰度变化而且可以处理非线性灰度变化;为了弱化场景立体效应影响,提出分子区的方法,即通过将图像划分为若干子区,各对应子区独立求解仿射参数,使得待检图像不同位置子区可以对应不同几何变换参数。光电吊舱真实图像变化检测实验,证明了文章方法的正确性和有效性。     

一种基于双目视觉原理的飞机尾旋运动姿态测量方法

针对飞机尾旋运动研究中的姿态测量问题,提出一种基于双目立体视差原理的测量方法.通过两部相机拍摄图像的视差,恢复模型表面特征空间三维信息,由表面特征计算模型运动姿态.设计了一组有特定形状和严格尺寸的人工特征,具有识别正确率高、定位精确等特点.提供人工特征的设计方法.最后,分别给出旋转天平实验和风洞实验的实测数据,实测结果表明该方法测量准确,鲁棒性好,在立式风洞飞机模型尾旋运动测量的应用中十分有效.     

基于直线特征的图像－模型匹配算法

提出了一种新的基于直线特征的图像与模型匹配方法。该方法选择那些可以描述目标边界的直线建立模型。识别时 ,分层次地综合使用直线的多种特性 ,从而提高了效率 ,减少了误匹配的可能性。文中给出了用仿真图像和真实图像所做的实验结果。该算法可以用于目标识别、变化检测和视觉导航等多个领域     

基于多传感器信息系统的仿人机器人步态规划算法改进研究

摘要：基于视觉传感器、角度传感器和力／力矩传感器组成的多传感器信息系统,对仿人机器人理想的步态规划算法进行了改进．以双目视觉立体标定原理处理视觉传感信息,从而判断目标距离及目标路径的可达性;通过角度传感器获取实时旋转角度,经参数调整减小执行误差;根据力／;5矩传感信息对支撑脚踝关节的侧摆角度进行增量式补偿．经实验验证,改进后的算法对机器人的步态稳定性控制具有良好的效果．     

双目视觉测径仪的单CCD实现

利用双目视觉原理进行直径测量,通常需要2个CCD相机,2个相机间的空间相对位置不易确定,从而影响测量结果的精度.用1个CCD相机来实现双目视觉测径,不仅可以节省1个昂贵的相机,而且可以使空间位置比较容易确定.文中给出了测量原理及最终直径的求解方法.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

The UK,interrogation and Iraq, 2003–2008

The UK’s interrogation operations during the conflict in Iraq (2003–2008) are often portrayed by the media as involving significant amounts of mistreatment. This article demonstrates that these practices are not necessarily representative of the UK’s interrogation operations across this conflict. In doing so it contributes to the limited literature on the practice of interrogation and on the UK’s combat operations in Iraq. The UK’s interrogation capability, and therefore its intelligence-gathering capability, is shown to have rested primarily with the military’s Joint Forward Interrogation Team (JFIT). The JFIT suffered from limitations to the number, training and experience of its interrogators and interpreters. It is argued that maintaining a permanent, higher level of preparedness for interrogation by the British armed forces is desirable.     

Remembering and forgetting Mirambo: Histories of war in modern Africa

ABSTRACT

While the study of organised violence is considered essential to understanding the history of the West, and accordingly imbued with various layers of meaning and remembrance, war is widely regarded as inimical to the modern nation in Africa and stable development more broadly. Using examples drawn from primarily from East Africa, this paper considers the ways in which warfare in the deeper (‘precolonial’) past has been framed and envisioned in recent decades, in particular by governments whose own roots lie in revolutionary armed struggle and who began life as guerrilla movements. While in some cases particular elements of the deeper past were indeed mobilised in pursuit of contemporary political goals, in many other scenarios histories of precolonial violence were beheld as problematic and unworthy of remembrance. This paper highlights the paradox and ambiguity which has attended the memory of key aspects of Africa’s deeper past.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

SIM—LISP:一个通信网络管理专家系统外壳的设计与实现

本文介绍了笔者为开发名为OONMES的网络管理专家系统所实现的一个简单专家系统工具SIM-LISP。SIM-LISP是一个用C/C++语言来实现的模拟LISP语言的可调用函数集,它短小精巧,速度快,可以完成针对网管专家系统的事实或规则知识的表示、匹配、合一和推理等基本操作,并有与知识对象的连接功能,是网管专家系统内核实现的支撑环境。     

Al Qaida on the US invasion of Afghanistan in their own words

This article consists of selected translations from captured interviews and dairies of Al Qaida members. The time period covered is from mid-2001 to early 2002 and concerns their operations in Afghanistan. The material clearly conveys a range of emotion, from confident to despondent, as well as efforts to contest the US actions. The first several pages give the reader context and some possible “lessons learned,” but the story(ies) are best told by the Al Qaida members themselves. All names are pseudonyms.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.