战时单需求点的战储物资调度模型及算法

战储物资调度是战时后勤保障工作的重要环节,关系着前线部队战斗力的持续生成。考虑战时情况下战储物资调度快速性、复杂性和高危性的特点,以单目标需求为切入点,分析单需求点下战时战储物资调度的特点及决策目标,借助模糊数学中的三角模糊数描述调度过程中不确定的需求信息特征,建立以调运时间最短与调度成本最小为目标的多目标优化模型,在物资需求的约束条件下采用模糊转换和线性规划方法对模型进行求解,算例结果验证了模型的正确性和算法的有效性。     

战区多需求点装备物资紧急调运模型及算法

在战区装备保障过程中,装备物资调运是一项非常重要的工作,其好坏直接决定战区装备保障任务能否迅速并有效执行.在战时情况下,战区装备物资调运问题必须考虑复杂性、时效性、安全性等要素,基于此构建了不同时间因素限制条件下的两种多需求点装备物资紧急调运优化模型,进行了详细的逻辑分析和推导,分别给出了模型的算法,并通过实际算例验证了模型的适用性和算法的有效性.     

战区抗震救灾单需求点物资调运模型及算法研究

在综合考虑物资需求多样性、运输工具多样性及其载重、容量约束的基础上,构建了以应急响应时间最短和运输工具平均空载率最低为目标的战区抗震救灾单需求点物资调运多目标非线性整数规划模型,提出了模型求解的改进多目标粒子群优化算法。通过调整粒子编码、适应度函数和速度更新策略使得该算法适于求解本文模型的自然数解空间约束和等式约束。理论分析表明,该模型具有较强的实用性和普适性。仿真结果表明,该算法是有效的,既能维护解的多样性,又能保证解的收敛性。     

基于小生境蝙蝠算法的联合远程打击武器目标分配问题建模与求解

针对联合远程打击作战筹划中武器目标分配问题,使用数学建模与仿真分析相结合的方法,研究了联合远程精确打击武器目标分配基本原则,构建了武器目标分配问题的多目标优化数学模型;对目标函数和约束条件进行处理,将该模型转化为单目标优化问题;提出了一种结合小生境淘汰思想的改进蝙蝠算法,用来求解武器目标分配的近似最优解。实验分析表明:该算法能够有效改善蝙蝠算法的收敛特性,适用于联合远程打击作战武器目标分配问题的求解。     

基于混合遗传算法的多基地多无人机战场物资配送任务分配

战场物资无人机配送是未来后勤保障的一种重要方式。以战时多基地、多无人机保障多需求点的模式为研究对象,通过分析多需求点战场物资无人机配送的特点及决策目标,利用多约束条件下的多车场车辆路径问题对无人机物资配送任务分配进行建模,通过将节约里程法与最近邻算法引入遗传算法中,较好地提高了算法求解速率及解的质量,最后通过仿真算例验证了模型和算法的合理性、有效性。结果表明:模型与算法能够在满足部队需求和给定的配送资源条件下优化物资配送方案,可较好地解决多基地、多无人机的战场物资配送任务分配问题。     

应急物资筹集问题的双目标模糊优化决策模型

应急物资筹集决策是直接影响应急动员效果的重要决策问题之一,是实施应急保障和应急救援的关键环节。把应急物资筹集决策问题抽象为物资筹集点选择的组合优化问题,结合混合规划方法与模糊优化思想,提出了双目标模糊优化模型及改进算法;在此基础上,进一步研究了物资可动员量为模糊数时的模糊资源约束模型,并给出了相应的算法;最后用算例证明了该方法的有效性。     

多级网络物资预置—前送模型及改进布谷鸟搜索算法研究

针对战时物资前送优化决策问题,较多对两级网络下的"多点对单点""多点对多点"问题进行研究,较少对多级网络下、多节点转运前送、多式联运前送、物资协同补给问题进行系统性、综合性的研究.立足战场实际,针对后方物资、预置物资、作战部队组成的三级网络的预置协同补给问题,进行定量化、模型化研究.在满足硬时间窗基础上构建了以运输风险度最小为目标的双层指标模型.针对所建立模型具有高维组合优化的特点,设计了基于粒子群算法改进的布谷鸟搜索算法,并用不同规模算例对算法性能进行了测试.结果表明,所建模型符合战场实际,设计的算法具有较好的适应性、稳定性、精确性,能在较短时间内对所建模型进行有效求解,为决策者提供科学依据.     

无运力限制条件下的一种器材紧急调运优化模型

根据器材调运的特点建立了一个货量充足且无运力限制条件的多目标优化模型,给出了一种方便有效的算法,并利用仿真算例对模型和算法进行了验算,得到了最优的器材调运方案.     

基于储备模式选择的战备物资分类研究

对战备物资进行分类是选择储备模式的基础和重要前提。把战备物资分类问题抽象为战备物资的军事性和经济性评价问题,设计了物资分类评价指标体系,并对部分指标进行了说明;利用层次分析法确定各指标的权重,运用专家打分法完成指标打分,并对专家打分程序进行优化,增强战备物资分类的可操作性,由军事性和经济性两方面的得分确定战备物资所属类别;最后通过算例证明了分类方法的有效性。     

军事虚拟网络映射问题研究

将网络虚拟化技术与军事需求相结合,并针对军事虚拟网络映射问题展开研究。以底层网络的负载均衡和资源最小化为目标,同时考虑映射请求的优先级问题,提出了基于蝙蝠优化算法的虚拟网络映射算法OBA-VNE。算法通过将映射问题转化为二进制组合优化模型,利用蝙蝠优化算法寻求近似最优映射方案。仿真结果表明,算法相比经典方法获得了更好的性能。     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

The UK,interrogation and Iraq, 2003–2008

The UK’s interrogation operations during the conflict in Iraq (2003–2008) are often portrayed by the media as involving significant amounts of mistreatment. This article demonstrates that these practices are not necessarily representative of the UK’s interrogation operations across this conflict. In doing so it contributes to the limited literature on the practice of interrogation and on the UK’s combat operations in Iraq. The UK’s interrogation capability, and therefore its intelligence-gathering capability, is shown to have rested primarily with the military’s Joint Forward Interrogation Team (JFIT). The JFIT suffered from limitations to the number, training and experience of its interrogators and interpreters. It is argued that maintaining a permanent, higher level of preparedness for interrogation by the British armed forces is desirable.     

Remembering and forgetting Mirambo: Histories of war in modern Africa

ABSTRACT

While the study of organised violence is considered essential to understanding the history of the West, and accordingly imbued with various layers of meaning and remembrance, war is widely regarded as inimical to the modern nation in Africa and stable development more broadly. Using examples drawn from primarily from East Africa, this paper considers the ways in which warfare in the deeper (‘precolonial’) past has been framed and envisioned in recent decades, in particular by governments whose own roots lie in revolutionary armed struggle and who began life as guerrilla movements. While in some cases particular elements of the deeper past were indeed mobilised in pursuit of contemporary political goals, in many other scenarios histories of precolonial violence were beheld as problematic and unworthy of remembrance. This paper highlights the paradox and ambiguity which has attended the memory of key aspects of Africa’s deeper past.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

SIM—LISP:一个通信网络管理专家系统外壳的设计与实现

本文介绍了笔者为开发名为OONMES的网络管理专家系统所实现的一个简单专家系统工具SIM-LISP。SIM-LISP是一个用C/C++语言来实现的模拟LISP语言的可调用函数集,它短小精巧,速度快,可以完成针对网管专家系统的事实或规则知识的表示、匹配、合一和推理等基本操作,并有与知识对象的连接功能,是网管专家系统内核实现的支撑环境。     

Al Qaida on the US invasion of Afghanistan in their own words

This article consists of selected translations from captured interviews and dairies of Al Qaida members. The time period covered is from mid-2001 to early 2002 and concerns their operations in Afghanistan. The material clearly conveys a range of emotion, from confident to despondent, as well as efforts to contest the US actions. The first several pages give the reader context and some possible “lessons learned,” but the story(ies) are best told by the Al Qaida members themselves. All names are pseudonyms.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.