谈直观式、图解化教学方法的运用

1 直观式、图式教学方法的理论依据教学的直观性原则要求教学的进行能使学生在直接感知所学习的客观世界的事物、现象或它们的描绘品的基础上形成表象和概念。直观性,也就是使学生对教师所提出的现实客体或它们的描绘品获得感性知觉,使学生直接掌握知识。图式、图解、图表等是直观手段的一种。马克思在他的宏伟巨著《资本论》中就运用了黑格尔的逻辑方法,既把概念的展开比作“圆圈的圆圈”。例如《资本论》三卷的结构     

资本主义之源:奢侈抑或禁欲——桑巴特与韦伯

桑巴特的资本主义起源假说在其《奢侈与资本主义》中得到充分展开。桑巴特认为,正是欧洲的奢侈之风生发出现代资本主义,而奢风蔓延又得益于非法爱情的盛行。相反,韦伯则认为现代资本主义源生于新教伦理中的禁欲主义。看似截然二分的两道命题,实则遵循同一思想路径。源自欧洲局部经验的理论抽象,虽不能释疑世界它处为何没有生发出资本主义的世纪性难题,但是对发展之道却不无借鉴意义。     

社会主义市场主体研究刍议——学习《资本论》的启示

马克思在《资本论》中,通过对资本主义市场经济运行中各市场主体之间经济利益关系的揭示,阐明了资本主义市场经济运行的规律及其历史发展的趋势.研究社会主义市场经济的运行,同样需要有对其市场主体以及它们相互之间的经济利益关系的揭示,从而阐明社会主义市场经济运行特征,规范市场行为,使其有序健康地发展.本文就对社会主义市场主体研究中有关问题,谈些不成熟的想法,求教于大家.     

民兵理论家——记南和县南师村民兵专职指导员程柱华

去年10月13日,全国党校系统《资本论》研究会第三届年会正在太原举行。一位代表站在主席台上,从容不迫地宣读他的论文《谈农村土地联产承包责任制的完善与马克思级差地租理论的借鉴》。他,就是河北省南和县南师村民兵专职指导员程柱华。近年来,他结合农村改革实践,进一步刻苦研读马克思的《资本论》,曾先后写出10多篇有学术价值的论文,受到中央、省、地有关部门的好评,被誉     

信不信由你

要成名得有厉害“粉丝” 克劳塞维茨在他的时代并非显赫人物。1831年,他死于欧洲瘟疫大流行时,《战争论》还不是一部完成的书稿。只是在他夫人的努力之下,书稿才告出版。即便如此,这部巨著在当时也无太大反响,估计看得懂的人不多。半个世纪之后,毛奇指挥的普鲁士军队一举击败欧陆首强法兰西。全世界都想知道毛奇从哪里得到的指挥艺术灵感。这个以博学著称的军事传奇人物只提了3本书：     

娱乐情报

国产《三国》又有惊天力作 继2000年国产精品巨著《傲世三国》的推出在全球取得巨大成功之后,“目标软件”并没有放慢前进的脚步,确定今年11月24日将与连邦软件共同揭开《傲世三国》的增强版——《三分天下》的神秘面纱。     

《孙子兵法大全》开始编纂

被誉为兵学圣典的《孙子兵法》内容精博,影响深远。但目前对孙子的研究还存在着力量不集中、研究成果不系统、版本和译本不够完美统一等不能尽如人意之处。为此,《孙子兵法》研究会决定编纂一部校勘注译全面准确、理论阐发正确深刻、资料整理系统完备、代表当今世界最新最高水平的系列性理论研究巨著《孙子兵法大全》。为编好这部巨著,研究会已荟萃国内外研究《孙子兵法》的专家学者,通力合作,博采众长,严密组织,精心研编;并拟在充分准备的基础上,于今年10月在北京召开《孙子兵法》第二届国际学术讨论会,广泛听取意见,对编纂工作的指导思想、全书的框架、编纂进度、完成时限以及出版事宜深入研究。     

《孙子兵法》的光辉普照全球

《孙子兵法》的光辉普照全球高殿芳《孙子兵法》是中国古代杰出的兵学巨著,我在上中学时就读过这本书。１５年前,我阅读了日本著名学者佐藤坚司所著《孙子思想史的研究》,由此引发对《孙子兵法》的浓厚兴趣,并开始潜心研究。在职期间只能工余阅读,不能深入研究,离休...     

Hawthorne’s Thoughts in The Scarlet Letter

霍桑的《红字》作为美国浪漫主义时期的一篇巨著 ,有很深的思想性。在作品中可以发现霍桑的思想深受清教主义、超验主义和神秘主义的影响。正因如此 ,他的作品独具魅力 ,充满了神秘、抑郁的色彩 ,引人入胜 ,回味无穷     

明清皖南地区算学歌诀的教育功能再实现——以算学巨著《算学统宗》为例

明清皖南时期涌现了大批数学家,形成了明清皖南数学学派,大量的数学巨著在这一时期产生,对现代数学教育有着深远的影响。本文以算学巨著《算法统宗》为例,通过研究其历史背景,深层次解读古算题,挖掘其内容背后隐含的价值,从智育功能、德育功能两个方面再实现明清皖南数学的现代数学教育功能的方法与途径。     

当代社会剩余价值分配理论探析

传统的剩余价值分配理论认为,雇佣劳动者创造的全部剩余价值被资产阶级所独占,这符合资本主义发展初期的客观实际。伴随社会生产力的不断发展,当代社会剩余价值的分配发生了新的变化。雇佣劳动者创造的剩余价值不再被资本所有者所独占,而是以不同的方式被投入各种要素的不同所有者以不同的方式所拥有。     

“第三世界文学”与“世界文学”——后殖民批评中的马克思主义话语

后殖民批评对马克思主义的态度十分矛盾 ,又深受其影响。杰姆逊的“第三世界文学”观在后殖民批评中引起多方面的强烈反响。马克思的“世界文学”观对把握晚期资本主义的文学状况仍有启示     

论公民教育的四大“误区”

长期以来,我国公民教育存在四大误区:在公民及公民教育的理解上,将其视为西方资本主义的专利;在公民教育目标上,将其定义为为国家培养"合格公民"的抽象概念;在公民教育内容上,认为公民教育就是思想政治教育、道德教育;在公民教育的实践策略中,一直沿用灌输为主的教学方式。这些误区容易使公民教育教条化、简单化、一般化,体现不出公民教育的本质特征。因此,只有走出这四大误区,才能复归公民教育本意。     

论经济全球化时代资本主义的变与不变

在经济全球化的进程中,资本主义在其自身矛盾的推动下,不断地进行自我扬弃,在生产、分配、经济运行等方面出现了一些新的变化,为资本主义生产关系的调整和发展开辟了新的空间,同时也为社会主义提供了完备的物质基础。透过现象看本质,这种新发展同时也证实了社会主义必将最终取代资本主义的历史必然性,虽然这一过程是漫长而又曲折的。     

Small countries and the consolidation of the European defence industry: Portugal as a case study

In this paper, we analyse the dilemma confronted by a small country in relation to the consolidation taking place in the European defence industry. Assuming that Portugal must maintain its armed forces, and must retain a minor defence industry, this industry must be competitive in small niches. Competitiveness must be based on, amongst other elements, technical efficiency and technological change. We investigate this issue, first characterizing the threats faced by the Portuguese defence industry, then investigating its present efficiency and finally, we discuss its role in the consolidation of the European Industry. We conclude that the Portuguese defence industry has no alternative but to opt for innovation and European partnership, which are complementary policies, but which require the active involvement of the stakeholder (i.e. the Government) in effecting these fundamental shifts in direction and emphasis. If this strategy does not succeed, the defence policy should be based on offsets.     

US grand strategy and the origins of the developmental state

ABSTRACT

Scholars have credited a model of state-led capitalism called the ‘developmental state’ with producing the economic miracles of Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan. This article examines how the developmental state was shaped by the Cold War. US grand strategy focused on accelerating economic development among allies that were under the greatest threat from Communist China and North Korea. American aid agencies became involved in the process of state-building in Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan and supported economic planning. I verify this claim by contrasting US policies on Taiwan with US policies in the Philippines, which faced a weaker Communist threat.     

倒向随机微分方程在欧式期权中的应用

假设市场为无套利市场,而且市场上只有两种证券:一种是无风险债券;一种是有风险的股票。通过自筹资策略,得到期权价格所满足的倒向随机微分方程(BSDE),利用倒向随机微分方程给出欧式期权价格概率表示;并证明欧式期权的完全套期保值性。     

On the Determinants of Terrorism Risk Concern in Europe

We investigate whether differences in terrorism risk are mirrored on terrorism risk perception across European countries for the period 2003–2007. We find that the average propensity for terrorism risk concern is affected by actual risk levels. Country and individual heterogeneity contribute substantially to the variation of observed risk perception. Singles and individuals with white collar jobs are less likely to mention terrorism as one of the most pressing issues their country faces, while political positioning towards the right makes it more likely to be concerned about terrorism. As far as competing risks are concerned, we find that the likelihood terrorism is mentioned, decreases with spending on pensions as a percentage of GDP being higher. Finally, based on the Bayesian framework, we also examined the formation of terrorism risk perceptions, and decompose the observed country-level time series of terrorism activity into a long- and a short-run component. We concluded that the observed risk perception variation is only explained by the long-term trend of terrorism activity countries face.     

Holding the Bridge in Troubled Times: The Cold War and the Navies of Europe

European navies made a fundamental contribution to the Cold War at sea, ensuring the effectiveness of deterrence even as Soviet naval forces grew to ominous proportions. European fleets were tasked with containing a Soviet attack until US forces could arrive on the scene. Many European navies pursued essential niche capabilities tailored for their own unique maritime environments. Others made important contributions to broader NATO efforts in the high-stakes arenas of sea control, power projection and even nuclear deterrence. Contentious issues did arise, for example concerning burden-sharing, but true to its name, the alliance succeeded collectively in wielding formidable sea power. This paper is based on the premise that the maritime players in the Cold War at sea were by no means restricted to the US and Soviet navies. The navies of Western Europe and Canada had major roles to play as well within the NATO area. They contributed a great deal to the political cohesion crucial to an essentially maritime alliance, and in many cases had a real operational contribution to make as well. What follows, then, is the Cold War at sea from a European point of view.